bash: Hook up workspace configuration for bash-language-server (#57487)

Allows configuring the Bash LSP.

Tested with the following config:

```json
"bash-language-server": {
  "binary": {
    "path": "bash-language-server",
    "arguments": ["start"]
  },
  "settings": {
    "bashIde": {
      "shfmt": {
         "binaryNextLine": true,
         "caseIndent": true,
         "spaceRedirects": true,
         "simplifyCode": true
      }
    }
  }
}
```

Config options [defined
here](https://github.com/bash-lsp/bash-language-server/blob/main/server/src/config.ts),
all prefixed with `bashIde`.

Self-Review Checklist:

- [x] I've reviewed my own diff for quality, security, and reliability
- [x] Unsafe blocks (if any) have justifying comments
- [x] The content is consistent with the [UI/UX
checklist](https://github.com/zed-industries/zed/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#uiux-checklist)
- [ ] Tests cover the new/changed behavior
- [x] Performance impact has been considered and is acceptable

Release Notes:

- Added support for configuring the Bash LSP adapter.

Co-authored-by: Kirill Bulatov <kirill@zed.dev>

crates/languages/src/bash.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 use anyhow::Result;
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use collections::HashMap;
+use gpui::AsyncApp;
 use language::{LanguageServerName, LspAdapter, LspAdapterDelegate, LspInstaller, Toolchain};
-use lsp::LanguageServerBinary;
+use lsp::{LanguageServerBinary, Uri};
 use node_runtime::{NodeRuntime, VersionStrategy};
-use project::ContextProviderWithTasks;
+use project::{ContextProviderWithTasks, lsp_store::language_server_settings};
 use semver::Version;
+use serde_json::Value;
 use std::{future::Future, path::PathBuf, sync::Arc, vec};
 use task::{TaskTemplate, TaskTemplates, VariableName};
 use util::{ResultExt, maybe};
@@ -171,6 +173,21 @@ impl LspAdapter for BashLspAdapter {
     fn name(&self) -> LanguageServerName {
         LanguageServerName::new_static(Self::PACKAGE_NAME)
     }
+
+    async fn workspace_configuration(
+        self: Arc<Self>,
+        delegate: &Arc<dyn LspAdapterDelegate>,
+        _: Option<Toolchain>,
+        _: Option<Uri>,
+        cx: &mut AsyncApp,
+    ) -> Result<Value> {
+        let settings = cx.update(|cx| {
+            language_server_settings(delegate.as_ref(), &self.name(), cx)
+                .and_then(|s| s.settings.clone())
+        });
+
+        Ok(settings.unwrap_or_default())
+    }
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]